The Next Global Economic Superpowers‏

by Carrie Kellenburger NORCs may be the places that will carry us into the future. 環北極國家將來或許會帶領世界邁向未來。 　　Nowadays, it's common knowledge that every country around the world will suffer as a result of global warming. While it's impossible to predict the devastating effects, you might be surprised to learn that some countries might not be as badly _(1)_ as others. 現在，大家都知道世界各國都將因地球暖化而深受其害。雖然我們無法預知影響會有多慘烈，但令人驚訝的是，有些國家受到的影響或許不如其他國家來的嚴重。 　　Known as NORCs, northern rim countries have a lot to gain from a warmer climate. These _(2)_ Canada, Russia, the northern US, as well as the Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland. By the year 2050, these countries are predicted to be the world's economic superpowers thanks to global warming. 日漸溫暖的氣候環境對環北極國家（簡稱 NORCs）帶來了不少好處。這些國家包含加拿大、俄羅斯、美國北部以及位於斯堪地納維亞半島的丹麥、挪威、瑞典、芬蘭和冰島。由於地球暖化，到 2050 年這些國家預期會成為世界的經濟強權。 　　As climates change and _(3)_ rise, valuable natural resources such as oil, natural gas, and fresh water will be released. This will happen because the frozen tundra of the north will have begun to _(4)_. As these resources become more _(5)_ available, more trading and shipping lanes will be opened, which facilitates these resources getting to other regions of the world quicker. In addition to an increase in natural resources, scientists believe that NORCs will be among the few countries in the world that are _(6)_ to see an increase in crop production. All of these changes will attract more immigrants to these countries and make the residents that are _(7)_ living there much wealthier. 當氣候改變和溫度上升，珍貴的天然資源像是石油、天然氣和乾淨水源將會被釋放出來。這是由於北方的凍原開始融化之故。當資源愈來愈容易取得，便開啟了更多貿易之門，且更多的船隻航道也隨之開通，這一切都有利於更迅速地將這些資源運送到他國。除了天然資源的增加，科學家也相信環北極國家將會成為世界上少數幾個農作物產量增加的國家。以上這些改變將會吸引更多外國移民，也讓目前住在當地的居民更加富裕。 　　A new part of the world is _(8)_, and many people will be looking towards the NORCs as attractive destinations. These countries will offer hope and perhaps even a _(9)_ to global issues, such as rising populations, climate change, and the higher demand for resources. The negative impact of global warming cannot be _(10)_. However, the potential benefits for the future of our civilization are certainly something to look forward to. 世界上一個新興區域正在崛起，許多人視環北極國家為具有吸引力的目的地。這些國家將為全球議題，如日益增加的人口、氣候變遷以及更多的資源需求提供希望，甚至是解決方法。全球暖化的負面影響不容忽視。然而，人類文明未來可能享有的利益卻是值得期待。 (A) solution (B) likely (C) include (D) melt (E) currently (F) emerging (G) ignored (H) readily (I) affected (J) temperatures 原來如此   1. While it's impossible to predict the devastating effects, you might be surprised to learn that some countries might not be as badly affected as others. 理由: a. 空格前有原形 be 動詞和副詞 badly（嚴重地），可知空格應置入形容詞或分詞。 b. 符合上述的選項有 (B) likely（可能的）、(F) emerging（正在興起）、(G) ignored（被忽略）和 (I) affected（被影響），惟 affected 置入後符合語意，表有些國家『受到的影響』或許不如其他國家來的嚴重，可知 (I) 為正選。 c. affect vt. 影響 例: The disease affects the body's central nervous system. （這種疾病會影響人體的中樞神經系統。） 2. These include Canada, Russia, the northern US, as well as the Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland. 理由: a. 空格前有代名詞 These（這些），其後有名詞詞組 Canada, Russia, ...（加拿大、俄國……），且根據句子時態，可知空格內應置入現在式的複數形及物動詞。 b. 符合上述的選項有 (C) include（包含）和 (D) melt（使融化），惟 include 置入後符合語意，可知應選 (C)。 c. include vt. 包含 例: A balanced diet should include a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. （均衡的飲食應該包括各式各樣的蔬果。） 3. As climates change and temperatures rise, valuable natural resources such as oil, natural gas, and fresh water will be released. 理由: a. 空格前有名詞 climates（氣候）、不及物動詞 change（改變）及對等連接詞 and，空格後則有不及物動詞 rise（上升），可知空格應置入一複數名詞。 b. 選項中為複數名詞的僅有 (J) temperatures（溫度），置入後亦符合語意，故選之 4. This will happen because the frozen tundra of the north will have begun to melt. 理由: a. 空格位於句尾，前有不定詞 to，可知空格內應置入原形不及物動詞。 b. 選項中僅剩 (D) melt（融化）為原形不及物動詞，置入後亦符合語意，故選之。 5. As these resources become more readily available, more trading and shipping lanes will be opened, which facilitates these resources getting to other regions of the world quicker. 理由: a. 空格前有比較級副詞 more，空格後則有形容詞 available（可取得的），可知空格應置入副詞，用以修飾 available。 b. 選項中為副詞的有 (B) likely（可能地）、(E) currently（目前）和 (H) readily（容易地；很快地），但 likely 通常用來修飾動詞，故不可選；惟 readily 置入後符合語意，可知應選 (H)。 c. readily adv. 容易地；很快地 例: Carl readily understood what was going on when he saw Cathy's expression. （看到凱西的表情，卡爾一下子就了解發生什麼事。） 6. ..., scientists believe that NORCs will be among the few countries in the world that are likely to see an increase in crop production. 理由: a. 空格前有 be 動詞 are，後有不定詞片語 to see an increase（有所增加），可知空格內應置入形容詞或分詞。 b. 符合上述條件的選項有 (B) likely（可能的）、(F) emerging（興起的）和 (G) ignored（忽略的），惟 likely 置入後符合語意，並形成下列固定用法： be likely to V　　很可能…… 例: John and Mary are likely to get married next year. （約翰和瑪麗很可能明年會結婚。） c. 根據上述，可知應選 (B)。 7. All of these changes will...and make the residents that are currently living there much wealthier. 理由: a. 空格所在的句子為一完整句構，可知空格內應置入副詞來修飾動詞 living。 b. 選項中為副詞的僅剩 (E) currently（目前），置入後亦符合語意，故選之。 c. currently adv. 現在，目前 例: The boss is currently in Tokyo on a business trip, but he'll be back next week. （老闆目前在東京出差，但下星期就回來了。） 8. A new part of the world is emerging, and many people will be looking towards the NORCs as attractive destinations. 理由: a. 空格前有主詞 A new part of the world（世界上一個新興區域）和 be 動詞 is，後無受詞，可知空格應置入形容詞或分詞。 b. 符合上述的選項有 (F) emerging（正在興起）和 (G) ignored（被忽略），然僅 (F) 置入後符合語意，故選之。 c. emerge vi. 興起；浮現，出現 emerging a. 新興的 an emerging country　　新興國家 例: The successful businessman emerged from humble beginnings. （這位成功的生意人出身卑微。） 9. These countries will offer hope and perhaps even a solution to global issues, such as rising populations, climate change, and the higher demand for resources. 理由: a. 空格前有不定冠詞 a，可知空格應置單數名詞。 b. 選項中為名詞的僅剩 (A) solution（解決方法，解答），置入後亦符合語意，故選之。 c. solution n. 解決方法，解答 a/the solution to...　　……的解決方法 例: The only solution to your problem is to tell your parents the truth. （解決你問題的唯一方法就是告訴你父母實話。） 10. The negative impact of global warming cannot be ignored. 理由: a. 空格前有原形 be 動詞，可知空格應置入形容詞或分詞。 b. 符合上述的選項僅有(G) ignored（忽略），置入後亦符合語意，故選之。 c. ignore vt. 忽略 例: Ignore what Holly said. She just likes to show off. （別理會荷莉說的話。她只是愛現而已。） 精解字詞片語   1. suffer vi. 受苦；受損失 例: I can't bear to see Tim suffer, but there is nothing I can do to help. （我無法忍受看提姆受苦，但我卻什麼忙也幫不上。） 2. as a result of...　　因為∕由於…… = thanks to... 例: My grandfather needs to walk with a cane as a result of his old age. （我爺爺因為年紀大的關係，現在需要拄柺杖行走。） 3. predict vt. 預言，預測 例: I don't think that anyone can predict the future. （我認為沒有人能預測未來。） 4. devastating a. 破壞力極大的；毀滅性的 例: The devastating flood caused extensive damage to this city. （這極具破壞力的水災對這個城市造成極大的損害。） 5. effect n. 影響；作用 have an effect/impact on...　　對……有影響 impact n. 影響 例: My parents' divorce had a big effect on how I view marriage. （我父母的離異對我的婚姻觀影響很大。） 6. available a. 可利用的；可得到的 例: Job vacancies for programmers are currently not available. （我們目前不缺程式設計師。） 7. facilitate vt. 促進，幫助；使容易 例: His detailed explanation facilitated my understanding of the situation. （他鉅細靡遺的解釋有助於我對情況的了解。） 8. attract A to B　　將 A 吸引到 B 來 例: The government is trying to attract more tourists to the historic part of the city. （政府試圖吸引更多觀光客造訪這城市的歷史古蹟。） 9. potential a. 可能的，潛在的 例: Lisa has a list of three potential places to go for her vacation. （有 3 個地方可能會是莎莉渡假的去處。） 10. look forward to + N/V-ing　　期待…… 例: Rick is looking forward to his sister's visit next month. （瑞克很期待他姊姊下個月的來訪。） 單字小舖   1. superpower n. 超強大國 2. common knowledge　　常識（指眾人皆知的事） common sense　　常識（指自然的判斷能力） 3. rim n.（尤指圓形物的）邊緣，外緣 4. valuable a. 有價值的 5. resource n. 資源 natural resources　　天然資源 6. release vt. 釋放 7. tundra n. 苔原；凍原 8. trading n. 貿易 & a. 貿易的 9. lane n.（輪船、飛機等的）航道，航線 a shipping lane　　海運航道 10. crop n. 作物 11. immigrant n.（外來）移民 emigrant n.（移到國外的）移民 12. resident n. 居民 13. negative a. 負面的 positive a. 正面的 答案： 1. (I) 2. (C) 3. (J) 4. (D) 5. (H) 6. (B) 7. (E) 8. (F) 9. (A) 10. (G)

Fun with Playing Cards 小小紙牌，大大樂趣‏

What is something that is used for games, magic tricks, building miniature1 houses, and even tarot2 readings3? Playing cards4! They are part of everyday life all around the world. Did you ever stop to wonder where they came from? The first playing cards originated in as early as the ninth century in the country that invented paper—China. These Chinese playing cards were called money cards since they showed coins or strings of coins. 　 哪樣東西可以用來玩遊戲、變魔術、搭迷你房子，甚至是算塔羅牌呢？撲克牌是也！在全球，它們已經成為日常生活中的一部分。您可曾停下來好好想想它們是從哪裡來的呢？第一副紙牌早在九世紀時就出現於發明紙張的國家——中國。這些中國紙牌被稱為『錢牌』，因為紙牌上頭是錢幣或一串串錢幣的圖案。 　　By the late 1300s, the Egyptian Mameluke deck5 of cards was introduced into Europe. This version contained 52 cards made up of four suits6 of 13 cards each. Just like modern-day playing cards, the suits, which were polo sticks, coins, swords, and cups, had 10 numbered cards and three face cards each. The use of playing cards was recorded in Spain, Switzerland, France, and Italy, with many adopting their own suits and styles. 　　1300年代晚期，埃及的Mameluke紙牌被引進了歐洲。這種版本的紙牌包含由四種花色組成的五十二張牌，每種花色都各有十三張。這四種花色分別為馬球球棍、錢幣、寶劍和酒杯，就如同現今的撲克牌一樣，每組花色都有十張數字牌和三張人頭牌。撲克牌的使用在西班牙、瑞士、法國和義大利的歷史中皆有記載，而且各國還會採用自己的花色和風格。 　　The popularity of playing cards spread thanks to the Germans, who started printing large quantities of the once handmade product in 1418. Then with colonization7 and time, the playing cards we know today came to be the standard. 至於撲克牌的普及則要歸功於德國人，他們在1418年時開始大量印刷這種曾是手工製作的產品。之後由於殖民化和時間的因素，今日我們所熟知的撲克牌於焉成為標準。

Building Your Vocabulary

1. originate　vi. 發源，起源
The tango originated in both Argentina and Uruguay.
探戈起源於阿根廷與烏拉圭。
2. version　n. 版本
Rachel prefers the book to the movie version.
相較於改拍成電影的那個版本，瑞秋比較喜歡書本身。
3. modern-day　a. 現代的，當代的
Modern-day cellphones have many useful built-in functions.
現代的手機有許多好用的內建功能。
4. adopt　vt. 採用，採取
After a week's consideration, the boss decided to adopt Mike's suggestion.
經過一星期的考慮後，老闆決定採取麥克的建議。
5. quantity　n. 量，數量
There is a small quantity of wine left in the glass.
玻璃杯裡還剩下一點點酒。
6. handmade　a. 手工的
This suit is entirely handmade, so it is well worth the price.
這套衣服完全是手工縫製的，所以它很值得這個價錢。

Phrases for Learning

1. a string of...　　一串∕一列……
My mom wore a string of pearls to the banquet.
我母親戴著一串珍珠項鍊出席那場宴會。
2. be introduced into/to + 地方　　被引進某地
The designer brand was introduced to Taiwan's market this past year.
這個設計師品牌在今年稍早的時候被引進了台灣市場。

Extra Words

1. miniature　a. 小型的
2. tarot　n. 塔羅牌（占卜用的紙牌）
3. reading　n. 解讀
4. playing card　n. 撲克牌，紙牌
5. deck　n.（紙牌的）一副
6. suit　n.（撲克牌的）花色
7. colonization　n. 殖民

Tips In Use

The use of playing cards was recorded in..., with many adopting their own suits and styles.
（撲克牌的使用在……皆有記載，而且各國還會採用自己的花色和風格。）
　　本句為使用 with 所引導的『情狀介詞片語』之用法，此種介詞片語乃用來表示句中主詞所處的情形或狀況，其結構有兩種：
1. with + 受詞 + 現在分詞∕過去分詞（用現在分詞時則表主動狀態，用過去分詞時表被動狀態）
Erica came home with a bag loaded with groceries.
（艾芮卡回家時手上拿著一袋滿滿的雜貨。）
2. with + 受詞 + 介詞片語
With a big vase in her hands, Jessica carefully walked up the stairs.
（雙手捧著一個大花瓶的潔西卡小心地走上樓。）

Guest來啦，要有禮貌喔！

技術挑戰指數：★★★★ 當有外國朋友到家裡來作客的時候，事先打掃一番是一定要的，如果你的手藝夠好，能夠燒一桌好菜來款待客人那就太棒了！不過，假如你是 泡麵一族，那可得先預定好餐廳，請朋友到外面吃一頓好料的，才不會失禮喔！到了餐廳總是要能夠說一點簡單的英文會話，才不會漏氣，不然就算你想請客，也不知道該怎麼說，那不是很尷尬嗎？ 來聽老美怎麼說？ ex：In Taiwan you are my guest. Let me try to show you a good time in Taiwan. 　（在台灣你是我的客人。讓我帶你在台灣好好地玩一下。） ex：I will be your host tonight. Let's go out and have a nice time.　 　（今晚我當主人，我們出去享受一下。） ex：Let me pay the bill.　 　（讓我來付賬。） ex：I need to keep track of all my expenses.　 　（我需要掌握我所有的花費。） 情境小撇步 ．Be my guest 　悉聽尊便 　 　Be my guest 從字面上來看的意思是，做我的客人，不過其實他的意思是悉聽尊便，也就是請便 　的意思，如果你同意別人的說法或是請求的時候，就可以說這句話。

別生氣，I'm just saying‏

技術挑戰指數：★★★ 有的時候三五好友聚在一起，聊的話題不外乎自己工作上遇到了什麼麻煩，或者是戀愛的煩惱，等等諸如此類的話題，難免我們會出於好意的給予對方一些建議，不過，因為每個人的思考模式都不一樣，經常好意反而讓對方感到不愉快，覺得你的說法太荒謬了，這時候我們可以說，I'm just saying(我只是說說而已)，讓氣氛緩和下來。 來聽老美怎麼說？ Steven：Maybe I could help you get a sales job at my company. 　　　 史帝文：或許我可以在我公司幫你弄個業務工作。 Blake： Me? Sales? Are you insane? I'm an artist. Do you really think I would last three days in a 　　　 sales position? No way! Impossible! Forget it!　　 　　　 布雷克：我？業務？你瘋了啊！我是個藝術家，你以為業務工作我做得了兩、三天嗎？門兒 　　　 都沒有！不可能！想都別想！ Steven：Geez, man. I'm just saying. 　　　　史帝文：天哪，老兄，我祇是說說而已。 俚語小解析 ．I'm just saying 　我只是說說而已 　 當別人強烈反對你的意見的時候，與其繼續跟對方爭論，不如用理性的口氣對他說出這句話，表 　示自己並沒有惡意，只是個人一點小小的提議，如果無法接受也沒有關係，不必把話放在心上。

Helicopter Parents 事必躬親的直升機父母‏

by Nadia Chung Hovering parents end up with kids that are not independent. 直升機父母培養出一群無法獨立的草莓族。 　　A woman labeled "America's Worst Mom" had to defend herself against the embarrassing nickname after she let her nine-year-old son ride on the New York City subway alone. _(1)_ Helicopter parents would certainly disagree. Coined in 1990, the term "helicopter parenting" is used to describe overprotective parents, who are mostly middle-class baby boomers. They hover over their children and are always worried about their academic and professional success. _(2)_ Some helicopter parents even write college essays, edit résumés, and show up at job interviews with them. 一位婦女因為讓 9 歲的兒子獨自搭乘紐約市的地鐵而被封為『全美最糟糕的母親』，她因此得為這個難堪的封號抗辯。她辯解說：『冒這點險是合理的。』但直升機父母一定不同意這種說法。『直升機式的子女教育』一詞創於 1990 年，被用來形容過度保護孩童的父母，這些父母大多是二次戰後嬰兒潮出生的中產階級。他們總離不開子女，一直擔心他們的課業和職場成就。對這些父母來說，替小孩做決定、介入小孩的紛爭和替小孩寫功課是家常便飯。有些直升機父母甚至幫子女寫大學論文、修改履歷，以及陪他們參加工作面試。 　　No one really doubts the motives of these parents. _(3)_ The excessive investment these parents make in their children's upbringing and achievements may end up having an adverse effect. By doing nearly everything for their children, they limit them to safe situations. This means the kids are kept from learning basic survival skills and how to cope with failure on their own. A study shows that helicopter kids tend to be more self-conscious, more vulnerable, and less open to new ideas. _(4)_ 沒有人會質疑這些父母的動機。問題是這些意圖多半源自於父母想提高自己的自尊心。這些父母對小孩的養育和成就過度投入，最後可能產生反效果。替小孩幾乎做好每件事會把他們限制在安全的環境裡。這意味這些孩子無法學習基本的求生技巧，以及靠自己處理失敗。一項研究顯示，直升機小孩較容易自卑，也較脆弱，而且比較無法接受新想法。對他們來說，要成為自立自強而獨立的成人是很不容易的事情，偏偏這是他們父母最終極的目標。 　　Experts are now offering some advice to helicopter parents. First, act as a coach, not as a rescuer. Second, encourage children to make their own decisions and help them learn to solve problems rather than take care of everything for them. _(5)_ As "America's Worst Mom" argues, "The way kids learn to be resourceful is by having to use their resources." Children fly higher when they are not tied to the ground. 專家有些建議提供給直升機父母。首先，要扮演教練而不是救援者的角色。其次，鼓勵小孩自己做決定，並幫助他們學習如何解決問題，而不要事事幫他們處理好。最後，給他們一些空間和機會從錯誤中學習。就像『全美最糟糕的母親』辯解的：『小孩必須藉由運用自己的機智，才能學習如何應變。』小孩不被束縛，才能飛得更高。 (A) For them, it is hard to become self-sufficient and independent adults, which is their parents' ultimate goal. (B) The problem is that such intentions often stem from a desire on the part of the parents to raise their own self-esteem. (C) It's not uncommon for these parents to make decisions, intervene in conflicts, and do homework for their children. (D) Finally, give them the space and chance to learn from their mistakes. (E) "It was a reasonable risk," she argued. 原來如此   1. 第一題空格應選 (E) 理由: a. 空格前一句提到，一位婦女因為讓 9 歲的兒子獨自搭乘地鐵而被封為『全美最糟糕的母親』，她因此得為這個難堪的封號抗辯（defend）。 b. (E) 選項的句子提到，她辯解（argued）說：『冒這點險是合理的。』前後語意連貫，且 defend 和 argued 兩字互相呼應，故選之。 大補丸: reasonable a. 合理的 例: At this shop, you can buy high quality watches at reasonable prices. （在本店，你可以用合理的價格買到高品質的手錶。） 2. 第二題空格應選 (C) 理由: a. 空格前一句提到，直升機父母總離不開小孩，一直擔心小孩的課業和職場成就。 b. (C) 選項的句子提到，對這些父母來說，替小孩做決定、介入小孩的紛爭和替小孩寫功課是家常便飯，說明直升機父母擔心子女的作法，上下語意連貫，故選之。 大補丸: a. It is not uncommon for sb to V　　對某人來說做……並非不尋常∕是常有的事 例: It is not uncommon for dogs to fight over food or territory. （狗為了搶食物或地盤而打架是屢見不鮮的事。） b. intervene vi. 干預，干涉 intervene in...　　干預∕干涉…… 例: It's not wise to intervene in an argument between a husband and his wife. （插手干涉夫妻之間的爭論是不智之舉。） c. conflict . 衝突 3. 第三題空格應選 (B) 理由: a. 空格前面一句提到，沒有人會質疑這些父母的動機（motives）。 b. (B) 選項的句子提到，這些意圖（intentions）多半起因於父母想提高自己的自尊心，選項中的 intentions 和上一句中的 motives 形成關鍵字，且前後語意連貫，故選之。 大補丸: a. intention n. 意圖 例:I have no intention of staying up late tonight. （我今晚並沒有熬夜的打算。） b. stem from...　　起因於……，源自於…… 例: That country's problems stem from its lack of natural resources. （那個國家的問題來自於自然資源缺乏。） c. on the part of sb　　就某人而言 例: The strike expressed anger on the part of the bus drivers. （這次罷工表達了公車司機的憤怒。） d. self-esteem n. 自尊 4. 第四題空格應選 (A) 理由: a. 空格前一句提到，直升機小孩（helicopter kids）較容易自卑、也較脆弱，而且比較無法接受新想法。 b. (A) 選項的句子提到，對他們（them）來說，要變成自立自強而獨立的成人是很不容易的事情，偏偏這是他們父母最終極的目標。這裡的 them 指的就是上一句的 helicopter kids，且兩句語意連貫，故選之。 大補丸: a. self-sufficient a. 自給自足的 例: The Wang family run a self-sufficient farm, so they don't have to buy any food. （王家經營自給自足的農場，所以他們不需要買任何食物。） b. independent a. 獨立的，自主的 be independent of...　　不依賴…… 例: Edward has been independent of his parents since he was 18. （艾德華從 18 歲起就不再依賴父母。） c. ultimate a. 最後的，最終的 5. 第五題空格應選 (D) 理由: a. 空格前 3 句提到，專家有些建議提供給直升機父母，並以 First 和 Second 開頭列舉了兩個建議。 b. (D) 選項的句子以 Finally（最後）開頭說，給他們一些空間和機會從錯誤中學習，承接前兩句的 First 和 Second，且語意連貫，故選之。 精解字詞片語   1. defend vt. 為……辯護 例: Frank defended his friend because he thought she was being treated unjustly. （法蘭克因為他朋友遭到不公平對待而仗義直言。） 2. hover vi.（鳥、直升機）盤旋 hover over...　　在……上空盤旋 例: A vulture hovered over the open field, searching for prey. （一隻禿鷹在空曠的野外盤旋，尋找獵物。） 3. investment n. 投資；（精力、時間等的）投入 make an investment in...　　投資…… 例: Sam lost a lot of money when he made an investment in that lousy company. （山姆因為投資那家爛公司而虧了不少錢。） 4. adverse a. 相反的；不利的 have an adverse effect on...　　對……有不利影響 例: The merger of the two companies had an adverse effect on the stock market. （這兩家公司的合併對股市有不利的影響。） 5. cope with...　　處理……（= deal with...） 例: The officials are trying to cope with the aging population. （政府官員正試圖處理人口老化的問題。） 6. vulnerable a. 易受傷害的；脆弱的 be vulnerable to...　　易受……的傷害 例: During the summer, older people are more vulnerable to heat stroke. （炎炎夏日裡，老人家比較容易中暑。） 7. resourceful a. 善於應變的，有智謀的 resource n. 應變能力，機智；資源 例: A resourceful worker always finds a way to get the job done. （有應變能力的員工總是找得到完成工作的方法。） 8. be tied to...　　被拴在∕綁在∕繫在……上 例: Our dog is usually tied to the fence. （我們家的狗通常都綁在籬笆上。） 單字小舖   1. helicopter n. 直升機 2. label vt. 把……稱為 & n. 標籤 be labeled (as)...　　被稱為…… 3. subway n. 地鐵 4. coin vt. 創造，發明（新字詞） 5. parenting n. 父母對子女的養育 6. overprotective a. 過分保護的 7. baby boomer n. 第二次世界大戰後出生的嬰兒潮一員 8. academic a. 學術的 9. résumé n. 履歷表 10. motive n. 動機 11. excessive a. 過度的 12. upbringing n. 教養；養育 13. self-conscious a. 自卑的 片語小舖   1. show up　　出現 2. limit sb to + N/V-ing　　將某人限制在……

答案： 1. (E) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5. (D)

Humor‏

Riddles have been around for thousands of years. Americans also enjoy this kind of question-and-answer humor:
--What is black when it's clean and white when it's dirty? A blackboard.
--What asks no questions but gets many answers? A doorbell.
--What starts with T, ends with T and is full of T (tea)? A teapot.
謎語的存在已有幾千年的歷史，但
美國人仍喜歡這種問答式的幽默：
--什麼東西乾淨時是黑的，但弄髒時是
白的？黑板。
--什麼東西不發問，但卻得到許多回
答？門鈴。
--什麼東西以T 開頭，以T結尾，而且
裡面都是T（茶）？茶壼。
People in America like making each other laugh. Even if they are not professional comedians, most people think they have a good sense of humor. A favorite American style of joking around is “pulling somebody's leg.” That means telling someone a story which is untrue—maybe even a“tall tale”—while keeping a straight face. At other times, Americans use funny voices or sound effects to spice up a story. Their body language and facial expressions add to the humor.
美國人喜歡引人發笑，即使不是什
麼專業的喜劇演員，大部分的人都覺得
自己很幽默。美國人最喜歡的一種玩笑
方式是「開別人玩笑，使其信以為真」，
就是板著臉孔正經八百地陳述一件並非
真實的故事——或許甚至是個誇張的故
事。此外，美國人會以滑稽的聲音或音
效為一個故事增加笑料，他們的肢體語
言和面部表情可以使其更好笑。

Sometimes, though, people in America make jokes about others. Mothers-in-law, politicians, teachers and ethnic groups are the target of many jokes. Here's one: An absent-minded college professor left a note on his office door that said,“I'II be back in one hour.” When he returned, he read the note and sat down to wait for himself. Get it?
不過，有時候美國人也會取笑他
人，岳母、政客、老師和不同族群的人
都是被取笑的對象。這裡有一個笑話：
一個心不在焉的大學教授在他辦公室門
口留了一張紙條，上面寫著：「我會在
一個小時內回來。」當他回來時，看完
紙條後就坐下來等他自己。你聽懂了
嗎？

America is a funny place. lf you need a laugh, it's not far away. Just pick up a newspaper and scan the “funny pages” for your favorite comic strip. Or turn on the TV and watch a comedy show. Mail a smile to a friend by sending a humorous greeting card. And watch for amusing situations around you in real life. Telling stories about funny experiences is a great way to brighten up someone's day. Hey, did you hear about the time . . .
美國是個很有趣的地方，你如果需
要一笑，絕對不成問題。只要拿起報
紙，瀏覽一下遊戲版上你最喜歡的連環
漫畫，或者打開電視看一齣喜劇。寄一
張有趣的祝賀卡給朋友，帶給他一個微
笑。觀察周遭生活中一些有趣的情況，
把一些有趣的經驗告訴別人，這也是個
讓人日子過得更開心的好方法。嘿，你
有沒有聽說，有一次我⋯⋯。
?Word Bank
comedian (n) 喜劇演員
pull somebody's leg (v phr) 開某人玩笑使其信以為真
straight face (n phr) 沒有表情的臉孔；嚴肅的臉

target (n)（被開玩笑的）目標
absent-minded (adj) 心不在焉的

comic strip (n phr) 連環圖畫

The Day's Phrase

They are more than just delicious
這種水果不只是美味而已

Joe, please swallow your pride and pull over to ask for directions!
喬，請你放下身段，停車問路吧！
Corporate spying - easier than you think
企業間諜活動──比想像中更容易

I don't want to get married any time in the near future.
短期之內我並不想結婚。

Corporate spying - easier than you think
企業間諜活動──比想像中更容易

As a general rule, always show respect to people older than you.
就一般而言，總要尊敬比你年長的人。

Own an elephant for a day at this unique farm
在獨一無二的牧場裡，當一天的大象飼主

If you don't clean your room you can kiss watching television goodbye.
如果你不整理你房間，你就不用看電視了。

Sharing the Love 分享父母的愛‏

As the only child in her family, 10-year-old Anna never felt alone because her parents loved her a lot. She was their top priority1, so she always got her way. However, things changed when Anna's mother told her she was going to be a big sister and had to become more mature. 　 　 身為家中的獨生女，十歲的安娜從不曾感到孤單，因為她的父母非常愛她。對他們而言，安娜是最重要的，所以她總是能做自己想做的事。然而，當安娜的母親告訴她她即將成為大姊姊、並要她變得更成熟時，事情開始有了變化。 　　Anna didn't want to share her parents' love, but after her mother delivered her baby brother, their focus shifted to him. Anna felt neglected and very jealous. One day, out of curiosity, she leaned over the crib2 and took a good look at her baby brother. He was so tiny and cute that Anna couldn't resist gently touching his chubby3 cheeks. This made him open his eyes and grin at her. At that moment, Anna's heart melted, and she never gave a second thought to sharing her parents' love.

安娜並不想和別人分享父母的愛，但是自從她媽媽生下她弟弟之後，他們的注意力都轉移到他的身上。安娜覺得受到冷落，而且非常嫉妒。有一天，她出於好奇而傾身靠在嬰兒床邊，想好好看一看她的弟弟。他真的好小好可愛，因此安娜忍不住輕輕撫摸他胖嘟嘟的臉頰。這個舉動讓他睜開了眼並對著她笑了起來。就在這個時候，安娜的心融化了，她從此再也毫不遲疑地願意把父母的愛跟他分享。

Building Your Vocabulary

1. mature　a. 成熟的
After joining the army, Darren became more mature.
從軍以後，達倫變得更加成熟穩重。
2. deliver　vt. 生下（嬰兒）
Mrs. Wang delivered a healthy baby girl this morning.
王太太今天早上產下一名健康的女嬰。
3. shift　vi. & vt. 轉移
Betty quickly shifted topics when she saw the manager coming over.
當貝蒂看到經理走過來時，她便立刻轉移話題。
4. neglect　vt. 忽視，忽略（本文中以過去分詞作形容詞用）
Frank was so busy that he neglected his girlfriend.
法蘭克忙碌到忽略了他的女朋友。
5. lean　vi. 屈身，傾身
I leaned over and rested my head on my dad's shoulder.
我傾身過去把頭靠在我爸的肩膀上。
6. grin [ grIn ] vi. 咧著嘴笑，露齒而笑
The actress grinned as soon as she saw the camera.
那位女演員一看到鏡頭就燦爛地微笑，露出一口皓齒。

Phrases for Learning

1. get + 所有格 + way　　某人按自己的意願行事
Nobody ever stood up to the school bully, so he always got his way.
因為沒有人敢挺身對抗那個校園惡霸，所以他總是為所欲為。
2. out of curiosity
　　出於好奇
Ron told Anna he had something to show her, so she followed him out of curiosity.
榮恩告訴安娜他有東西要給她看，於是她便好奇地跟著他走。

Extra Words

1. priority　n. 優先考量的事
2. crib　n. 嬰兒床
3. chubby　a. 圓胖的

Tips In Use

...and she never gave a second thought to sharing her parents' love.
（……她從此再也毫不遲疑地願意把父母的愛跟他分享。）
　　"second thought"除了用於上句之中，表示『毫不遲疑』之外，還可以出現於下列用法：
1. "have second thoughts"表『改變主意；對原先想法產生動搖』。
Bill had second thoughts about quitting his job after hearing my opinion.
（聽完我的意見後，比爾對辭職這件事改變了主意。）
2. "on second thought"表『經再次考慮後』。
On second thought, maybe I should sell my car and start walking to work.
（再三考慮後，也許我該賣掉車子，改成走路上班。）