2013年5月4日 星期六

風光秀麗的優勝‏




 


  One of the earliest and most famous of the great national parks in the US is Yosemite in central California. This enormous area, which was the first park ever to have its land _(1)_ for protection in the US in 1864, covers almost 1,200 square miles. It is famous for its alluring scenery, unique animals and plants, and the range of activities _(2)_. No wonder millions of visitors are drawn to Yosemite every year.
位於加州中部的優勝美地是美國歷史最悠久、最有名的主要國家公園之一。這片廣大的地區佔地近 1,200 平方英里,該區是美國第一座為了保育,而在 1864 年特別保留所成立的公園。優勝美地以自然美景、獨特的動植物,以及園區內各項可從事的活動而聞名,難怪每年都吸引數百萬遊客慕名前來優勝美地。
  The park is mountainous, and its geological history means that the area has _(3)_ views of cliffs, waterfalls, and deep valleys. This stunning terrain also _(4)_ more than 400 species of animals, including bears so intelligent that you need to take special canisters to protect your food. Most impressively, Yosemite is home to three groves of giant sequoias. These enormous trees live for thousands of years, and the oldest one in Yosemite is _(5)_ to be 2,000 years old.
優勝美地地勢多山,長期以來的地質活動使得該區擁有懸崖峭壁、瀑布和雄偉的山谷,處處充滿令人嘆為觀止的自然美景。這片絕美的地帶也蘊含 400 多種動物,其中包括非常聰明的熊隻,你得自備特製的金屬罐來裝食物,才能避免牠們偷吃。優勝美地最讓人印象深刻的是園區內 3 片巨大的美國紅杉樹林。這些巨大的樹木已有數千年的樹齡,園區內年齡最老的紅杉估計有兩千歲。
  When tourists come to enjoy this sublime place all year round, most of them _(6)_ Yosemite Valley, the park's activity center. This is the place where visitors can get a taste of the park's _(7)_. There are several spectacular waterfalls within _(8)_ distance, and there are also opportunities to canoe or raft down one of the park's many rivers. However, more adventurous tourists can _(9)_ deeper into the park. There are 800 miles of hiking trails in Yosemite, from gentle walks to difficult backpacking hikes up steep mountains. In the winter, the park is blanketed in snow, which means skiing season.
一年四季都有遊客前來觀賞優勝美地壯麗的風景,其中大部分的人都會前往『優勝美地山谷』,這裡是園區內各項活動的所在地。遊客在這裡可以飽覽園區引人入勝的風景,其中有幾座只需步行就可抵達的瀑布,遊客也可以在公園內眾多河流中,搭乘獨木舟或是竹筏順水而下。然而,熱愛冒險的遊客則可以進入公園深處探險。那裡有綿延 800 英里的登山步道,其中有可以讓遊客漫步的路段,也有可以讓背包客徒步登上陡峭山區的艱難路段。冬天的時候,這座公園會被白雪覆蓋,這意味著滑雪季開始囉。
  With its outstanding beauty and various activities, it is easy to see why Yosemite National Park is such a popular _(10)_. As John Muir, one of the park's founders, wrote, "In every walk with nature one receives far more than he seeks ."
因為這些美不勝收的景色和各式各樣的活動,我們不難了解為什麼優勝美地國家公園會成為備受歡迎的旅遊地點。誠如該公園一位創立者約翰‧穆爾曾寫道:『漫步於大自然中,人們所獲得的遠超過他們所探索的。』
(A) boasts (B) venture (C) set aside (D) head for (E) available (F) walking 
(G) appeal (H) estimated (I) destination (J) breathtaking
原來如此 

1. This enormous area, which was the first park ever to have its land set aside for protection in the US in 1864, ...
理由:
a. 空格之前有使役動詞 have(叫∕令∕使……;把……),以及受詞 its land(它的土地),可知本空格在測試使役動詞 have 的用法:
have + 受詞 + 原形動詞  叫……做……
have + 受詞 + 過去分詞  把……(被)……
例: Tom's aunt had him paint the fence.
(湯姆的姑媽叫他去漆籬笆。)
例: I had my laptop fixed yesterday.
(我昨天把我的筆電修好了。)
b. 根據上述,由於受詞 its land 無法自行動作,可知空格內應置入過去分詞。
c. 符合上述的選項有 (C) set aside(被保留)和 (H) estimated(被估計),然僅 set aside 置入後符合語意,故選 (C)。
d. set aside...  保留……,撥出……
例: You should set aside some time each day to spend with your family.
(你每天應該撥出一些時間和家人相處。)
2. It is famous for its alluring scenery, unique animals and plants, and the range of activities available.
理由:
a. 空格前的句子結構完整,可知空格內應置入可作後位修飾的形容詞,以修飾空格前的名詞 activities(活動)。
b. 符合上述的選項僅有 (E) available(可得到的),且置入後符合語意,故選之。
c. available a. 可得到的,可獲得的
例: Is this watch available in pink?
(這支錶有粉紅色的嗎?)
3. The park is mountainous, and its geological history means that the area has breathtaking views of cliffs, waterfalls, and deep valleys.
理由:
a. 空格前有及物動詞 has(有),空格後則有名詞 views(景色),可知空格內應置入形容詞或分詞來修飾名詞 views。
b. 在選項中,可用來修飾名詞的形容詞或分詞的有 (F) walking(步行的)、(H) estimated(估計的)和 (J) breathtaking(令人讚嘆的),然僅 breathtaking 置入後符合語意,故選 (J)。
c. breathtaking a. 令人讚嘆的
例: The sunrise from the top of Ali Mountain is breathtaking.
(阿里山上的日出令人嘆為觀止。)
4. This stunning terrain also boasts more than 400 species of animals, ...
理由:
a. 空格前有主詞 This stunning terrain(這片絕美的地帶),空格後有名詞詞組 more than 400 species of animals(超過 4 百種動物),可知空格內應置入表第三人稱的單數及物動詞。
b. 符合上述的選項僅有 (A) boasts(擁有),置入後亦符合語意,故選之。
c. boast vt. 擁有(……而自豪)(主詞通常是某機構或某地方)
例: That university boasts three libraries.
(那所大學以擁有 3 座圖書館自豪。)
5. These enormous trees live for thousands of years, and the oldest one in Yosemite is estimate to be 2,000 years old.
理由:
a. 空格前有主詞 the oldest one(= the oldest tree,最老的一棵樹)和 be 動詞 is,空格後有不定詞片語 to be,可知空格內應置入分詞。
b. 符合上述的選項有 (F) walking(正在步行)和 (H) estimated(被估計),然僅 estimated 置入後符合語意,表園區內年齡最老的那棵『被估計』有兩千歲了,故選 (H)。
c. estimate vt. 估計
例: The police estimated that seven cars were involved in the accident.
(警方估計有 7 部車捲入那場車禍中。)
6. When tourists come to enjoy this sublime place all year round, most of them head for Yosemite Valley, the park's activity center.
理由:
a. 空格前有主詞 most of them(他們大部分的人),其後有受詞 Yosemite Valley(優勝美地山谷),可知空格應置入及物動詞或片語及物動詞。
b. 符合上述的選項有 (B) venture(冒……風險)、(D) head for(前往),及 (G) appeal(將……上訴),僅 head for 置入後符合語意,故選 (D)。
c. head for + 地方  前往某地
= head to + 地方
例: David and Helen are heading for the airport to catch a plane to Hong Kong.
(大衛和海倫正前往機場趕搭去香港的班機。)
7. This is the place where visitors can get a taste of the park's appeal.
理由:
a. 空格前有所有格 the park's(該座公園的),可知空格內應置入名詞。
b. 選項中為名詞的有 (B) venture(冒險)、(F) walking(步行)、(G) appeal(吸引力)和 (I) destination(目的地),然僅 appeal 置入後符合語意,故選 (G)。
c. appeal n. 吸引力 & vt. 將……上訴
例: The Egyptian pyramids have a timeless appeal.
(埃及金字塔的吸引力歷久不衰。)
8. There are several spectacular waterfalls within walking distance, ...
理由:
a. 本空格在測試以下固定片語:
within walking distance  在步行可到的範圍內
例: Gina lives within walking distance of her university.
(吉娜從住的地方步行就可到她就讀的大學。)
b. 根據上述,故選 (F) walking。
9. However, more adventurous tourists can venture deeper into the park.
理由:
a. 空格前有助動詞 can,空格後有介詞 into,可知空格內應置入原形不及物動詞。
b. 符合上述的選項僅剩 (B) venture(冒險),置入後亦形成以下固定用法:
venture into + 地方  冒險進入某地
例: Don't venture into that part of the city after dark.
(天黑之後不要貿然進入城裡的那個地區。)
c. 根據上述,故選 (B)。
10. With its outstanding beauty and various activities, it is easy to see why Yosemite National Park is such a popular destination.
理由:
a. 空格前有形容詞 popular(受歡迎的),可知空格內應置入名詞。
b. 選項中僅剩 (I) destination(目的地),置入後亦符合語意,表因為這些美不勝收的景色和各式各樣的活動,我們不難了解為什麼優勝美地國家公園會成為備受歡迎的『旅遊地點』,故選之。
destination n. 目的地
精解字詞片語 
1. alluring a. 非常吸引人的,迷人的
例: That dress looks alluring on Sabrina.
(那件洋裝穿在莎比娜身上看起來非常迷人。)
2. No wonder + S + V  難怪……
例: Henry was late again. No wonder the manager wants to let him go.
(亨利又遲到了,難怪經理想請他捲舖蓋走人。)
3. stunning a. 極漂亮的
例: The new lipstick color is stunning on Gina.
(吉娜擦的新口紅顏色使她美極了。)
4. protect vt. 保護
protect A from B  保護 A 免於 B 的攻擊∕傷害等
例: David protected his daughter from being hit by the approaching car.
(大衛保護女兒免於被來車撞上。)
5. be home to...  是……的家鄉∕發祥地∕所在地
例: This stream is home to crawfish and tadpoles.
(這條小溪是小龍蝦和蝌蚪的家園。)
6. adventurous a. 愛冒險的
例: Hank led an adventurous life and died while climbing the face of the cliff.
(漢克過著冒險的生活,而在一次攀爬懸崖時墜崖身亡。)
7. blanket vt. 覆蓋
be blanketed in/with...  被……覆蓋
= be covered in/with...
例: The roof of the small cabin was blanketed in snow.
(小木屋的屋頂被白雪覆蓋。)
8. outstanding a. 出色的,傑出的
例: Mark is an outstanding young man. Nothing bad can be said about him.
(馬克是個傑出的青年。他無從挑剔。)
9. seek vt. 尋找;探索
三態為:seek, sought, sought。
例: I think that seeking professional help may be the only solution to your drinking problem.
(我認為尋求專家的幫助可能是解決你酗酒問題的唯一途徑。)
單字小舖 
1. splendor n. 壯麗
2. enormous a. 廣大的
3. protection n. 保育;保護
4. square a. 平方的
5. scenery n. 風景,景色(不可數)
scene n. 風景(可數)
6. range n. 範圍;區域
7. mountainous a. 多山的
8. geological a. 地質的
9. cliff n. 懸崖
10. waterfall n. 瀑布
11. terrain n. 地帶;地形,地勢
12. species n.(生物)物種(單複數同形)
13. canister n. 金屬罐
14. impressively adv. 令人印象深刻地
15. grove n. 小樹林;樹叢
16. sequoia n.(產於美國加州的)紅杉
17. sublime a. 雄偉的;卓越的
18. canoe vi. 划獨木舟 & n. 獨木舟
19. raft vi. 乘筏 & n. 木筏
20. trail n.(荒野中踏成的)小道
21. gentle a. 徐緩的;溫和的
22. backpacking n.(背背包作)徒步旅行
23. steep a. 陡峭的
24. skiing n. 滑雪
25. various a. 各式各樣的
26. founder n. 創立者
答案: 1. (C) 2. (E) 3. (J) 4. (A) 5. (H) 6. (D) 7. (G) 8. (F) 9. (B) 10. (I)

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